Cell culture supplements are additives mixed with basal media to support cell survival, growth, and specific functions. Below is a concise but comprehensive breakdown, with common examples and typical uses..

- Fetal Bovine Serum(FBS)

- L-glutamine or GlutaMAX

- Sodium pyruvate

- Non-essential amino acids

- ITS (insulin–transferrin–selenium)

Antibiotics & antimycotics in cell culture are used to prevent or eliminate microbial contamination (bacteria, fungi, yeast, mycoplasma)..

- Penicillin–Streptomycin

- Antimycotics (Fungi & Yeast Control)

- Antibiotic-Antimycotic (Anti-Anti)

- Mycoplasma Control

Amino acids, hormones, and defined additives are essential cell culture supplements that support cell growth, metabolism, survival, and differentiation, particularly in serum-free or reduced-serum systems..

- Amino acids

- Energy supplements

- Hormones

- Defined additives like ITS (insulin–transferrin–selenium), albumin, lipids, vitamins, and trace elements

Growth factors and cytokines are bioactive proteins added to cell culture media to regulate cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration, and immune responses. They are especially important in serum-free, primary cell, stem cell, and immune cell cultures..